Elmina Castle: Africa’s Oldest European Fortress
Built by the Portuguese in 1482, Elmina Castle is the oldest European-built structure south of the Sahara Desert. It sits at the edge of the Atlantic Ocean in the fishing town of Elmina, about 15 kilometres west of Cape Coast. Along with Cape Coast Castle, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The History of Elmina Castle
The Portuguese originally built it as a gold trading post. The name Elmina comes from the Portuguese phrase A Mina meaning the mine. In 1637 the Dutch captured the castle and it became a major centre of the transatlantic slave trade. In 1872 the British took over as part of a colonial exchange.
What to See at Elmina Castle
A guided tour covers the slave dungeons, the Governor’s quarters, the Dutch Reformed Church built inside the castle, the condemned cell, and the Door of No Return. Views from the upper levels over the Atlantic Ocean and the colourful Elmina fishing harbour are stunning.
Elmina Town
The fishing harbour is one of the most photogenic spots in Ghana, filled with brightly painted wooden canoes. Walking through the narrow streets of old Elmina is a wonderful experience in itself.
Book Your Elmina Tour
The Tour Guys offer a guided Elmina Tour covering both the castle and the town. Our expert guides bring the history to life in ways no guidebook can match.